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一些实用的 git 扩展命令

来自 https://github.com/tj/git-extras/blob/master/Commands.md

git extras​

The main git-extras command.

Output the current --version:

$ git extras --version

List available commands:

$ git extras --help

Update to the latest git-extras:

$ git extras update

git gh-pages​

Sets up the gh-pages branch. (See GitHub Pages documentation.)

git feature​

Create/Merge the given feature branch name:

$ git feature dependencies

To Setup a remote tracking branch:

$ git feature dependencies -r upstream

Note: If no remote name is passed with the -r option, it will push to origin.

Afterwards, the same command will check it out:

$ git checkout master
$ git feature dependencies

When finished, we can feature finish to merge it into the current branch:

$ git checkout master
$ git feature finish dependencies

Note: If a remote is setup to track the branch, it will be deleted.

git contrib​

Output author's contributions to a project:

$ git contrib visionmedia
visionmedia (18):
  Export STATUS_CODES
  Replaced several Array.prototype.slice.call() calls with Array.prototype.unshift.call()
  Moved help msg to node-repl
  Added multiple arg support for sys.puts(), print(), etc.
  Fix stack output on socket error
  ...

git summary​

Outputs a repo or path summary:

$ git summary

project     : git-extras
repo age    : 10 months ago
last active : 3 weeks ago
active on   : 93 days
commits     : 163
files       : 93
uncommitted : 3
authors     :
   97   Tj Holowaychuk          59.5%
   37   Jonhnny Weslley         22.7%
    8   Kenneth Reitz           4.9%
    5   Aggelos Orfanakos       3.1%
    3   Jonathan "Duke" Leto    1.8%
    2   Gert Van Gool           1.2%
    2   Domenico Rotiroti       1.2%
    2   Devin Withers           1.2%
    2   TJ Holowaychuk          1.2%
    1   Nick Campbell           0.6%
    1   Alex McHale             0.6%
    1   Jason Young             0.6%
    1   Jens K. Mueller         0.6%
    1   Guillermo Rauch         0.6%

This command can also take a commitish, and will print a summary for commits in the commitish range:

$ git summary v42..

This command can also take an options --line, will print a summary by lines

$ git summary --line

project  : git-extras
 lines    : 8420
 authors  :
 2905 Tj Holowaychuk            34.5%
 1901 Jonhnny Weslley           22.6%
 1474 nickl-                    17.5%
  653 Leila Muhtasib            7.8%
  275 Tony                      3.3%
  267 Jesús Espino             3.2%
  199 Philipp Klose             2.4%
  180 Michael Komitee           2.1%
  178 Tom Vincent               2.1%
  119 TJ Holowaychuk            1.4%
  114 Damian Krzeminski         1.4%
   66 Kenneth Reitz             0.8%
   22 Not Committed Yet         0.3%
   17 David Baumgold            0.2%
   12 Brian J Brennan           0.1%
    6 Leandro López            0.1%
    6 Jan Krueger               0.1%
    6 Gunnlaugur Thor Briem     0.1%
    3 Hogan Long                0.0%
    3 Curtis McEnroe            0.0%
    3 Alex McHale               0.0%
    3 Aggelos Orfanakos         0.0%
    2 Phally                    0.0%
    2 NANRI                     0.0%
    2 Moritz Grauel             0.0%
    1 Jean Jordaan              0.0%
    1 Daniel Schildt            0.0%

The --line option can also take a path, which will print a filtered summary for that folder or file.

git effort​

Displays "effort" statistics, currently just the number of commits per file, showing highlighting where the most activity is. The "active days" column is the total number of days which contributed modifications to this file.

node (master): git effort --above 15 {src,lib}/*

If you wish to ignore files with commits <= a value you may use --above:

$ git effort --above 5

If you wish to see only the commits in the last month you may use --since (it supports the same syntax like git log --since):

 $ git effort -- --since='last month'

By default git ls-files is used, however you may pass one or more files to git-effort(1), for example:

$ git effort bin/* lib/*

git bulk​

git bulk adds convenient support for operations that you want to execute on multiple git repositories.

  • simply register workspaces that contain multiple git repos in their directory structure
  • run any git command on the repositories of the registered workspaces in one command to git bulk
  • use the "guarded mode" to check on each execution
usage: git bulk [-g] ([-a]|[-w <ws-name>]) <git command>
       git bulk --addworkspace <ws-name> <ws-root-directory> (--from <URL or file>)
       git bulk --removeworkspace <ws-name>
       git bulk --addcurrent <ws-name>
       git bulk --purge
       git bulk --listall

Register a workspace so that git bulk knows about it (notice that <ws-root-directory> must be absolute path):

$ git bulk --addworkspace personal ~/workspaces/personal

With option --from the URL to a single repository or a file containing multiple URLs can be added and they will be cloned directly into the workspace. Suitable for the initial setup of a multi-repo project.

$ git bulk --addworkspace projectX ~/workspaces/projectx --from https://github.com/x/project-x.git

# OR with a file containing many repositories on each line:
$ git bulk --addworkspace projectX ~/workspaces/projectx --from ~/workspaces/repositories.txt

with repositories.txt be like:

https://github.com/x/project-x-1.git
https://github.com/x/project-x-2.git
https://github.com/x/project-x-3.git

Register the current directory as a workspace to git bulk

$ git bulk --addcurrent personal

List all registered workspaces:

$ git bulk --listall
bulkworkspaces.personal /Users/niklasschlimm/workspaces/personal

Run a git command on the repositories of the current workspace:

$ git bulk fetch

fetchdemo

Run a git command on one specific workspace and its repositories:

$ git bulk -w personal fetch

Run a git command on all workspaces and their repositories:

$ git bulk -a fetch

Run a git command but ask user for confirmation on every execution (guarded mode):

$ git bulk -g fetch

Remove a registered workspace:

$ git bulk --removeworkspace personal

Remove all registered workspaces:

$ git bulk --purge

git brv​

Pretty listing of branches sorted by the date of their last commit.

$ git brv
2020-01-14 adds-git-brv fork/adds-git-brv 1ca0d76 Fixes #700: Adds git-brv
2020-01-08 master       origin/master     265b03e Merge pull request #816 from spacewander/git-sed-pathspec

git repl​

Git read-eval-print-loop. Lets you run git commands without typing 'git'.

Commands can be prefixed with an exclamation mark (!) to be interpreted as a regular command.

Type exit or quit to end the repl session.

$ git repl
git version 2.9.2
git-extras version 3.0.0
type 'ls' to ls files below current directory,
'!command' to execute any command or just 'subcommand' to execute any git subcommand

git (master)> ls-files
History.md
Makefile
Readme.md
bin/git-changelog
bin/git-count
bin/git-delete-branch
bin/git-delete-tag
bin/git-ignore
bin/git-release

git (master)> !echo Straight from the shell!
Straight from the shell!

git (master)> quit

git coauthor​

Add a co-author to the last commit

$ git coauthor user user@email.com

[master b62ceae] Add documentation files
 Date: Sat Aug 17 17:33:53 2019 -0500
 2 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 README.md
 create mode 100644 CONTRIBUTING.md

 $ git log -1

commit b62ceae2685e6ece071f3c3754e9b77fd0a35c88 (HEAD -> master)
Author: user person <userperson@email.com>
Date:   Sat Aug 17 17:33:53 2019 -0500

    Add documentation files

    Co-authored-by: user <user@email.com>

git commits-since​

List commits since date (defaults to "last week"):

$ git commits-since
... changes since last week
TJ Holowaychuk - Fixed readme
TJ Holowaychuk - Added git-repl
TJ Holowaychuk - Added git-delete-tag
TJ Holowaychuk - Added git-delete-branch

$ git commits-since yesterday
... changes since yesterday
TJ Holowaychuk - Fixed readme

git count​

Output commit count:

$ git count

total 1844

Output detailed commit count:

$ git count --all

visionmedia (1285)
Tj Holowaychuk (430)
Aaron Heckmann (48)
csausdev (34)
ciaranj (26)
Guillermo Rauch (6)
Brian McKinney (2)
Nick Poulden (2)
Benny Wong (2)
Justin Lilly (1)
isaacs (1)
Adam Sanderson (1)
Viktor Kelemen (1)
Gregory Ritter (1)
Greg Ritter (1)
ewoudj (1)
James Herdman (1)
Matt Colyer (1)

total 1844

git fork​

Fork the given github <repo>. Like clone but forks first.

$ git fork https://github.com/LearnBoost/expect.js

or just:

$ git fork LearnBoost/expect.js

Does the following:

  • forks the repo (prompts for github username and pass)
  • clones the repo into the current directory
  • adds the original repo as a remote so can track upstream changes
  • all remotes refs use git over ssh if configured, otherwise https will be used
$ cd expect.js && git remote -v
origin          git@github.com:<user>/expect.js (fetch)
origin          git@github.com:<user>/expect.js (push)
upstream        git@github.com:LearnBoost/expect.js (fetch)
upstream        git@github.com:LearnBoost/expect.js (push)

git force-clone​

If the clone target directory exists and is a git repository, reset its contents to a clone of the remote.

$ git force-clone [-b {branch_name}] {remote_url} {destination_path}
$ git force-clone -b master https://github.com/tj/git-extras ./target-directory

CAUTION: If the repository exists, this will destroy all local changes to the repository - changed files will be reset and local branches will be removed.

More information.

git release​

Release commit with the given <tag> and other options:

$ git release 0.1.0

If you are using semver in your project, you could also use the command below: (Run git help release for more information)

$ git release --semver major/minor/patch

Does the following:

  • Executes .git/hooks/pre-release.sh (if present), passing it the given tag and remain arguments
  • Commits changes (to changelog etc) with message "Release <tag>"
  • Tags with the given <tag>
  • Push the branch / tags
  • Executes .git/hooks/post-release.sh (if present), passing it the given tag and remain arguments

git rename-branch​

Rename a branch locally, and sync to remote via git push.

# renames any branch
$ git rename-branch old-name new-name

# renames current branch
$ git rename-branch new-name

git rename-tag​

Rename a tag (locally and remotely).

$ git tag test
$ git push --tags
Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@myserver.com:myuser/myrepository.git
    * [new tag]         test -> test
$ git tag
test
$ git rename-tag test test2
Deleted tag 'test' (was 1111111)
Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@myserver.com:myuser/myrepository.git
    * [new tag]         test2 -> test2
remote: warning: Deleting a non-existent ref.
To git@myserver.com:myuser/myrepository.git
    - [deleted]         refs/tag/test
$ git tag
test2

git rename-remote​

Rename a git remote regardless of name conflict, and then list current git remotes.

$ git remote -v
origin	git@myserver.com:myuser/foo.git (fetch)
origin	git@myserver.com:myuser/foo.git (push)
upstream	git@myserver.com:myuser/bar.git (fetch)
upstream	git@myserver.com:myuser/bar.git (push)
$ git-rename-remote upstream origin
origin	git@myserver.com:myuser/bar.git (fetch)
origin	git@myserver.com:myuser/bar.git (push)

git reauthor​

Rewrite history to change author's identity.

Replace the personal email and name of Jack to his work ones

$ git reauthor --old-email jack@perso.me --correct-email jack@work.com --correct-name 'Jack Foobar'

Replace the email and name of Jack to the ones defined in the Git config

$ git reauthor --old-email jack@perso.me --use-config

Replace only the email of Jack (keep the name already used)

$ git reauthor --old-email jack@perso --correct-email jack@perso.me

Change only the committer email of Jack (keep the author email already used)

$ git reauthor --old-email jack@perso.me --correct-email jack@work.com --type committer

Set Jack's identity as the only one of the whole repository

$ git reauthor --all --correct-email jack@perso.me --correct-name Jack

Set Jack as the only committer of the whole repository (keeps authors)

$ git reauthor --all --correct-email jack@perso.me --correct-name Jack --type committer

git alias​

Define, search and show aliases.

Define a new alias:

$ git alias last "cat-file commit HEAD"

Search for aliases that match a pattern (one argument):

$ git alias ^la
last = cat-file commit HEAD

Show all aliases (no arguments):

$ git alias
s = status
amend = commit --amend
rank = shortlog -sn --no-merges
whatis = show -s --pretty='tformat:%h (%s, %ad)' --date=short
whois = !sh -c 'git log -i -1 --pretty="format:%an <%ae>

git ignore​

Too lazy to open up .gitignore? Me too!

$ git ignore build "*.o" "*.log"
... added 'build'
... added '*.o'
... added '*.log'

Without any patterns, git-ignore displays currently ignored patterns in both your global and your local .gitignore files:

$ git ignore
Global gitignore: /Users/foo/.gitignore_global
*~
.metadata
---------------------------------
Local gitignore: .gitignore
build
*.o
*.log

To show just the global or just the local file's contents, you can use the following optional parameters:

  • -g or --global to show just the global file
  • -l or --local to show just the local file
  • -p or --private to show just the repository's file
$ git ignore -g
Global gitignore: /Users/foo/.gitignore_global
*~
.metadata
$ git ignore -l
Local gitignore: .gitignore
build
*.o
*.log

git ignore-io​

Generate sample gitignore file from gitignore.io

Without option, git ignore-io <type> shows the sample gitignore of specified types on screen.

$ git ignore-io vim

    # Created by https://www.gitignore.io/api/vim

    ### Vim ###
    [._]*.s[a-w][a-z]
    [._]s[a-w][a-z]
    *.un~
    Session.vim
    .netrwhist
    *~

To export it to .gitignore file you can use the following options:

  • -a or --append to append the result to .gitignore
  • -r or --replace to export .gitignore with the result
$ git ignore-io vim python

For efficiency, git ignore-io store all available types at ~/.gi_list. To list all the available types:

  • -l or -L : These two options will show the list in different format. Just try it.

You can also search type from the list by:

  • -s <word> or --search <word>
$ git ignore-io -s ja

    django
    jabref
    java
    ninja

git info​

Show information about the repo:

$ git info

    ## Remote URLs:

    origin              git@github.com:sampleAuthor/git-extras.git (fetch)
    origin              git@github.com:sampleAuthor/git-extras.git (push)

    ## Remote Branches:

    origin/HEAD -> origin/master
    origin/myBranch

    ## Local Branches:

    myBranch
    * master

    ## Submodule(s):

      a234567 path2submodule1/submodule1 (branch/tag)
    + b234567 path2submodule2/submodule2 (branch/tag)
    - c234567 path2submodule3/submodule3 (branch/tag)
      e234567 path2submodule4/submodule4 (branch/tag)

    ## Most Recent Commit:

    commit e3952df2c172c6f3eb533d8d0b1a6c77250769a7
    Author: Sample Author <sampleAuthor@gmail.com>

    Added git-info command.

    ## Configuration (.git/config):

    color.diff=auto
    color.status=auto
    color.branch=auto
    user.name=Sample Author
    user.email=sampleAuthor@gmail.com
    core.repositoryformatversion=0
    core.filemode=true
    core.bare=false
    core.logallrefupdates=true
    core.ignorecase=true
    remote.origin.fetch=+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
    remote.origin.url=git@github.com:mub/git-extras.git
    branch.master.remote=origin
    branch.master.merge=refs/heads/master

If you wish to omit the config section, you may use --no-config:

$ git info --no-config

git cp​

Copy a file to another one keeping its history and allowing for merge conflicts handling.

$ git cp README.md README.rst

git create-branch​

Create local branch name:

$ git create-branch development

Create local branch name and setup a remote tracking branch in origin:

$ git create-branch -r development

Create local branch name and setup a remote tracking branch in upstream:

$ git create-branch -r upstream development

git delete-branch​

Delete local and remote branch name:

$ git delete-branch integration

git delete-submodule​

Delete submodule name:

$ git delete-submodule lib/foo

git delete-tag​

Delete local and remote tag name:

$ git delete-tag 0.0.1

git delete-merged-branches​

Deletes branches that are listed in git branch --merged.

$ git delete-merged-branches
Deleted feature/themes (was c029ab3).
Deleted feature/live_preview (was a81b002).
Deleted feature/dashboard (was 923befa).
...

git delete-squashed-branches​

Deletes branches that have been "squashed-merged" into a specified branch; this branch will be checked out as a side-effect. If no branch is specified, then it will default to the current checked out branch.

$ (feature-branch) git delete-squashed-branches main
Deleted branch dependabot/bundler/kramdown-2.3.1 (was 1d3fb00).
Deleted branch dependabot/bundler/rexml-3.2.5 (was a7e4052).
$ (main) git ...

git fresh-branch​

Create empty local branch name:

$ git fresh-branch docs

git guilt​

Calculate the change in blame between two revisions

# Find blame delta over the last three weeks
$ git guilt `git log --until="3 weeks ago" --format="%H" -n 1` HEAD
Paul Schreiber                +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++(349)
spacewander                   +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++(113)
Mark Eissler                  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
CJ                            +++++
nickl-                        -
Jesse Sipprell                -
Evan Grim                     -
Ben Parnell                   -
hemanth.hm                    --

git merge-into​

Merge src branch into dest, and keep yourself on current branch. If src branch not given, it will merge current one to dest:

$ git merge-into [src] dest

git graft​

Merge commits from src-branch into dest-branch.

$ git graft new_feature master

git squash​

Merge commits from src-branch into the current branch as a single commit. Also works if a commit reference from the current branch is provided. When [msg] is given git-commit(1) will be invoked with that message. This is useful when small individual commits within a topic branch are irrelevant and you want to consider the topic as a single change.

$ git squash fixed-cursor-styling
$ git squash fixed-cursor-styling "Fixed cursor styling"
$ git squash 95b7c52
$ git squash HEAD~3
$ git squash HEAD~3 "Work on a feature"

git authors​

Populates the file matching authors|contributors -i with the authors of commits, according to the number of commits per author.

Opens the file in $EDITOR when set.

See the "MAPPING AUTHORS" section of git-shortlog(1) to coalesce together commits by the same person.

Updating AUTHORS file:

$ git authors && cat AUTHORS

TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
hemanth.hm <hemanth.hm@gmail.com>
Jonhnny Weslley <jw@jonhnnyweslley.net>
nickl- <github@jigsoft.co.za>
Leila Muhtasib <muhtasib@gmail.com>

Listing authors:

$ git authors --list

TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
hemanth.hm <hemanth.hm@gmail.com>
Jonhnny Weslley <jw@jonhnnyweslley.net>
nickl- <github@jigsoft.co.za>
Leila Muhtasib <muhtasib@gmail.com>

Listing authors without email:

$ git authors --list --no-email

TJ Holowaychuk
hemanth.hm
Jonhnny Weslley
nickl-
Leila Muhtasib

git changelog​

Generates a changelog from git(1) tags (annotated or lightweight) and commit messages. Existing changelog files with filenames that begin with Change or History will be identified automatically with a case insensitive match pattern and existing content will be appended to the new output generated--this behavior can be disabled by specifying the prune option (-p|--prune-old). The generated file will be opened in $EDITOR when set.

If no tags exist, then all commits are output; if tags exist, then only the most-recent commits are output up to the last identified tag. This behavior can be changed by specifying one or both of the range options (-f|--final-tag and -s|--start-tag).

The following options are available:

  -a, --all                 Retrieve all commits (ignores --start-tag, --final-tag)
  -l, --list                Display commits as a list, with no titles
  -t, --tag                 Tag label to use for most-recent (untagged) commits
  -f, --final-tag           Newest tag to retrieve commits from in a range
  -s, --start-tag           Oldest tag to retrieve commits from in a range
  -n, --no-merges           Suppress commits from merged branches
  -p, --prune-old           Replace existing Changelog entirely with new content
  -x, --stdout              Write output to stdout instead of to a Changelog file
  -h, --help, ?             Usage help

Type git changelog --help for basic usage or man git-changelog for more information.

NOTE: By default, git changelog will concatenate the content of any detected changelog to its output. Use the -p option to prevent this behavior.

Examples​

Generate a new changelog consisting of all commits since the last tag, use the tag name 1.5.2 for the title of this recent commits section (the date will be generated automatically as today's date):

$ git changelog --tag 1.5.2 && cat History.md

1.5.2 / 2015-03-15
==================

* Docs for git-ignore. Closes #3
* Merge branch 'ignore'
* Added git-ignore
* Fixed <tag> in docs
* Install docs
* Merge branch 'release'
* Added git-release
* Passing args to git shortlog
* Added --all support to git-count

List all commits since the last tag:

$ git changelog --list

* Docs for git-ignore. Closes #3
* Merge branch 'ignore'
* Added git-ignore
* Fixed <tag> in docs
* Install docs
* Merge branch 'release'
* Added git-release
* Passing args to git shortlog
* Added --all support to git-count

List all commits since the beginning:

$ git changelog --list --all

* Docs for git-ignore. Closes #3
* Merge branch 'ignore'
* Added git-ignore
* Fixed <tag> in docs
* Install docs
* Merge branch 'release'
* Added git-release
* Passing args to git shortlog
* Added --all support to git-count
...
<many many commits>
...
* Install docs.
* Merge branch 'release'.
* Added 'git-release'.
* Fixed readme.
* Passing args to git shortlog.
* Initial commit

git undo​

Remove the latest commit:

git undo

Remove the latest 3 commits:

git undo 3

git sed​

Run grep as directed but replace the given files with the pattern.

For example,

$ git sed 'this' 'that'
$ git sed 'this' 'that' g
$ git sed 'this' 'that' -- path/ path2/

git setup​

Set up a git repository (if one doesn't exist), add all files, and make an initial commit. dir defaults to the current working directory.

git scp​

A convenient way to copy files from the current working tree to the working directory of a remote repository. If a <commits>... is provided, only files that has changed within the commit range will be copied.

Internally this script uses rsync and not scp as the name suggests.

git-rscp - The reverse of git-scp. Copies specific files from the working directory of a remote repository to the current working directory.

Examples​

Copy unstaged files to remote. Useful when you want to make quick test without making any commits

$ git scp staging

Copy staged and unstaged files to remote

$ git scp staging HEAD

Copy files that has been changed in the last commit, plus any staged or unstaged files to remote

$ git scp staging HEAD~1

Copy files that has been changed between now and a tag

$ git scp staging v1.2.3

Copy specific files

$ git scp staging index.html .gitignore .htaccess

Copy specific directory

$ git scp staging js/vendor/

git show-merged-branches​

Show all branches merged in to current HEAD.

git show-unmerged-branches​

Show all branches not merged in to current HEAD.

git show-tree​

Show the decorated graph view of one liner summarized commits from all branches. For example, running git show-tree will display:

*   4b57684 (HEAD, develop) Merge branch upstream master.
|\
| *   515e94a Merge pull request #128 from nickl-/git-extras-html-hyperlinks
| |\
| | * 815db8b (nickl/git-extras-html-hyperlinks, git-extras-html-hyperlinks) help ronn make hyperlinks.
| * | 7398d10 (nickl/develop) Fix #127 git-ignore won't add duplicates.
| |/
| | * ab72c1e (refs/stash) WIP on develop: 5e943f5 Fix #127 git-ignore won't add duplicates.
| |/
|/|
* | 730ca89 (bolshakov) Rebase bolshakov with master
|/
* 60f8371 (origin/master, origin/HEAD, master) Merge pull request #126 from agrimaldi/fix-changelog-last-tag
...

Be free to try it for yourself!

git stamp​

Stamp the last commit message

Commit message is

Fix timezone bug

Reference the issues numbers from your bug tracker

$ git stamp Issue FOO-123

commit 787590e42c9bacd249f3b79faee7aecdc9de28ec
Author: Jack <jack@work.com>
Commit: Jack <jack@work.com>

    Fix timezone bug

    Issue FOO-123

$ git stamp Issue FOO-456 \#close

commit f8d920511e052bea39ce2088d1d723b475aeff87
Author: Jack <jack@work.com>
Commit: Jack <jack@work.com>

    Fix timezone bug

    Issue FOO-123

    Issue FOO-456 #close

Link to its review page

$ git stamp Review https://reviews.foo.org/r/4567/

commit 6c6bcf43bd32a76e37b6fc9708d3ff0ae723c7da
Author: Jack <jack@work.com>
Commit: Jack <jack@work.com>

    Fix timezone bug

    Issue FOO-123

    Issue FOO-456 #close

    Review https://reviews.foo.org/r/4567/

Replace previous issues with a new one (Note that the identifier is case insensitive)

$ git stamp --replace issue BAR-123

commit 2b93c56b2340578cc3478008e2cadb05a7bcccfa
Author: Jack <jack@work.com>
Commit: Jack <jack@work.com>

    Fix timezone bug

    Review https://reviews.foo.org/r/4567/

    issue BAR-123

git standup​

Recall what you did or find what someone else did in a given range of time. For instance, recall John's commits since last week(7 days ago):

git standup -a John -d 7

git touch​

Call touch on the given file, and add it to the current index. One-step creation of new files.

git obliterate​

Completely remove a file from the repository, including past commits and tags.

git obliterate secrets.json

git local-commits​

List all commits on the local branch that have not yet been sent to origin. Any additional arguments will be passed directly to git log.

git archive-file​

Creates a zip archive of the current git repository. The name of the archive will depend on the current HEAD of your git repository.

git missing​

Print out which commits are on one branch or the other but not both.

$ git missing master
< d14b8f0 only on current checked out branch
> 97ef387 only on master

git lock​

Lock a local file filename:

$ git lock config/database.yml

git locked​

List local locked files:

$ git locked
config/database.yml

git unlock​

Unlock a local file filename

$ git unlock config/database.yml

git reset-file​

Reset one file to HEAD or certain commit

Reset one file to HEAD

$ git reset-file .htaccess

or reset one file to certain commit

$ git reset-file .htaccess dc82b19

git mr​

Checks out a merge request from GitLab. Usage: git mr <ID|URL> [REMOTE]. Default remote is origin.

$ git mr 51
From gitlab.com:owner/repository
 * [new ref]         refs/merge-requests/51/head -> mr/51
Switched to branch 'mr/51'

With full URL, the head is fetched from a temporary remote pointing to the base URL.

$ git mr https://gitlab.com/owner/repository/merge_requests/51
From gitlab.com:owner/repository
 * [new ref]         refs/merge-requests/51/head -> mr/51
Switched to branch 'mr/51'

Just like git pr, git mr accepts a clean argument to trash all mr/ branches. Ensure current branch is not one.

git paste​

Sends commits to a pastebin site using pastebinit.

By default it sends the commits between your current branch and the branch your current branch is based on (the upstream branch).

$ git paste
https://paste.debian.net/1234567/

All options are passed to git format-patch --stdout so you can also pass options understood by git-rev-parse(1) in order to select a different set of commits.

$ git paste @^
https://paste.debian.net/1234567/

See the pastebinit documentation for information about how to chose a different pastebin site to the default.

git pr​

Checks out a pull request from GitHub

$ git pr 226
From https://github.com/tj/git-extras
 * [new ref]       refs/pulls/226/head -> pr/226
Switched to branch 'pr/226'

To use a remote other than origin, e.g. upstream if you're working in a fork, specify it as the second parameter:

$ git pr 226 upstream
From https://github.com/tj/git-extras
 * [new ref]       refs/pulls/226/head -> pr/226
Switched to branch 'pr/226'

You can also checkout a pull request based on a GitHub url

$ git pr https://github.com/tj/git-extras/pull/453
From https://github.com/tj/git-extras
 * [new ref]         refs/pull/453/head -> pr/453
Switched to branch 'pr/453'

To remove all local pull request branches, provide the magic clean parameter:

$ git pr clean
Deleted branch 'pr/226' (was 1234567).

git root​

show the path to root directory of git repo

$ pwd
.../very-deep-from-root-directory
$ cd `git root`
$ git add . && git commit

git delta​

Lists files that differ from another branch.

$ touch README.md
$ git setup
$ git checkout -b hello
$ echo hello >> README.md
$ git delta
README.md
$ touch Makefile
$ git add Makefile
$ git delta
Makefile
README.md

git clear​

Does a hard reset and deletes all untracked files from the working directory, including those in .gitignore.

git clear-soft​

Does a hard reset and deletes all untracked files from the working directory, excluding those in .gitignore.

git merge-repo​

Merges two repository histories.

$ git merge-repo other-repo.git master new_dir

The above merges other-repo.git's master branch into the current repository's new_dir directory.

$ git merge-repo git@github.com:tj/git-extras.git master .

The above merges a remote repo's master branch into the current repository's directory, not preserving history.

git psykorebase​

Rebase a branch on top of another using a merge commit and only one conflict handling.

$ git psykorebase master

The above rebase the current branch on top of master branch .

$ git psykorebase --continue

The above continue the rebase after conflicts have been handled.

$ git psykorebase master feature

The above rebase feature branch on top of master branch

git pull-request​

Create pull request via commandline.

git rebase-patch​

Given you have a patch that doesn't apply to the current HEAD, but you know it applied to some commit in the past, git rebase-patch will help you find that commit and do a rebase.

For example,

$ git rebase-patch test.patch
Trying to find a commit the patch applies to...
Patch applied to dbcf408dd26 as 7dc8b23ae1a
First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...
Applying: test.patch
Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge...
Auto-merging README.txt

Then your last commit has the changes of the patch and is named test.patch.

git sync​

Sync local branch with its remote branch

$ git sync

Sync local branch with origin/master

$ git sync origin master

git browse​

Opens the current git repository website in your default web browser.

$ git browse

$ git browse upstream

git browse-ci​

Opens the current git repository CI website (e.g. GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, Bitbucket Pipelines) in your default web browser.

$ git browse-ci

$ git browse-ci upstream

git utimes​

Change files modification time to their last commit date. Does not touch files that are in the working tree or index.

The --newer flag preserves the original modification time of files that were committed from the local repo, by only touching files that are newer than their last commit date.

git-extras$ ls -l bin | head
total 308
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   489 Jul 28  2015 git-alias
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  1043 Nov  8 13:56 git-archive-file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   970 Nov  8 13:56 git-authors
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   267 Nov  8 13:56 git-back
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   899 Nov  8 13:56 git-browse
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  1932 Nov  8 13:56 git-brv
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  6282 Nov  8 13:56 git-bulk
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt 18561 Nov  8 13:56 git-changelog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   215 Nov  8 13:56 git-clear

git-extras$ git utimes --newer
+ touch -d 2020-05-22T10:40:29+08:00 bin/git-archive-file
+ touch -d 2017-05-05T16:02:09+08:00 bin/git-authors
+ touch -d 2020-02-23T11:41:54+08:00 bin/git-back
+ touch -d 2020-06-23T09:31:21+10:00 bin/git-browse
+ touch -d 2020-01-15T10:46:19+01:00 bin/git-brv
+ touch -d 2019-12-21T13:35:59+08:00 bin/git-bulk
+ touch -d 2019-09-05T12:41:38+08:00 bin/git-changelog
+ touch -d 2016-11-19T16:41:19+00:00 bin/git-clear
[...]

git-extras$ ls -l bin | head
total 308
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   489 Jul 28  2015 git-alias
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  1043 May 22 05:40 git-archive-file
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   970 May  5  2017 git-authors
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   267 Feb 23  2020 git-back
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   899 Jun 23 02:31 git-browse
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  1932 Jan 15  2020 git-brv
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt  6282 Dec 21  2019 git-bulk
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt 18561 Sep  5  2019 git-changelog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vt vt   215 Nov 19  2016 git-clear

Note above, that because of the --newer flag, the file git-alias was not touched since its modified date is earlier than the commit date.

git abort​

Abort current revert, rebase, merge or cherry-pick, without the need to find exact command in history.

git magic​

Commits changes with a generated message.